[I've been delayed in posting my blogs from other sites, so i'll put up a few in a row, and they all happen to be about Wal-Mart -- lots going on with the giant retailer. This one is from Huffington Post here]

A few weeks ago in Sao Paolo, Brazil, I heard the distinct sound of "taps" being played for the simple plastic shopping bag. Wal-Mart Brazil had invited all its suppliers to come and discuss its sustainability goals -- and sign a public agreement to match them. The pact dealt with everything from saving the Amazon forest, mostly through bans on sourcing beef and soy that come from cleared lands, to reducing phosphates in detergents (see the agreements here). It was an historic meeting that covered a lot of ground (full disclosure: I was hired to speak at the event and provide context on the greening of business globally).

But aside from the much larger and thornier Amazon-related initiatives, one announcement was both fun and indicative of the green pressures coming to bear on companies and particular products. Wal-Mart Brazil is sponsoring a nationwide campaign, in conjunction with the Brazilian government, to drastically reduce plastic bag use. The minister of the environment, Carlos Minc, was on hand to co-announce the project. Wal-Mart's own internal goal is a 50% reduction by 2013 (a larger reduction than the company's global goal, which I've commented was perhaps not strong enough).

The humorous national campaign includes television ads featuring the hip "Junior" (only the coolest have one name), a leader of youth-oriented NGO AfroReggae. The slogan for the campaign, "Saco E um Saco," translates roughly into "A bag is a pain in the butt" -- or at least that's what the simultaneous translators tried to convey...they seemed at a loss on how to handle it. One Portuguese executive told me that it's closer to "A bag sucks" which plays on the double use of "saco." Either way, it's a funny, yet aggressive way to get people to stop using these things.

Brazil is hardly alone in the national effort to eliminate bags. China starting taxing all shopping bags and has cut total usage 66%.

Companies are also trying many methods to get customers on board. Charging for bags is one clear signal to consumers to use fewer. British retailer Marks & Spencer recently announced an 80% drop in use at its stores after adding a small charge (IKEA and others have witnessed 80-90% drops in usage as well after charging a nickel to any customer wanting one).

Wal-Mart Brazil has experimented with refunds instead. If you don't take the bags, you get a discount off your grocery bill (so it's revenue neutral to the company and basically charges those who DO take the bag, without raising anybody's bill).

All companies should take note of this kind of coordinated effort by governments and other companies -- imagine what happens if your product, manufacturing process, or sourcing strategy ends up on the societal bad list. I've talked about the risk to business from these kinds of market shifts on green principles before. While we might have some guesses as to what's next (did your meat come from cleared Amazon? Do you use too much water from dry regions in your production?), it's unfortunately somewhat unpredictable where the questions might come from.

Bags are not the only products facing this kind of challenge -- it's happening to bottled water as well. But nothing compares to the coordinated global attack on plastic bags. Once your product is declared a pain in the butt, where do you go from there?

[Post #2 of 3 on Wal-Mart's activity in the last couple of months. This appeared at Harvard Business Online and then on BusinessWeek online]

In the last month, what event had the greatest potential for changing business as usual forever? If you said the passage of the climate change bill in the U.S. House of Representatives, it would be hard to argue with you. But I'm going to make the case for another event as the most influential (or at least a very close second): the Wal-Mart Sustainability Summit held in Sao Paolo, Brazil.

Following the model of the historic meeting Wal-Mart held for its Chinese suppliers last year, the President of Wal-Mart Brazil, Héctor Núñez, decided to hold a similar event for his suppliers. (Full disclosure: I was hired to give a keynote about the greening of business for larger context setting, but I have no consulting relationship with Wal-Mart).

Speakers at the event included the Brazilian Minister of the Environment and the director of Greenpeace Brazil, an organization that just a few weeks ago produced a damning report titled "Slaughtering the Amazon" that points the finger at the cattle industry as the primary cause of deforestation (growing soy is another leading cause). I had an interesting talk with Hector about his conversations with the aggressive NGO. He commented that "when you talk to Greenpeace, it's hard to argue with what they're saying."

But, I thought, arguing with the environmentalist perspective is exactly what business leaders normally do. But the world is changing fast. In fact, Hector's speech at the summit, with its soaring rhetoric about global environmental damage, made him sound more like a Greenpeace activist than a hard-nosed manager.

At the Summit, Wal-Mart announced significant goals and mandates to tackle some of the thorniest environmental and social problems in the world. Wal-Mart Brazil will now, in essence, ensure that its supply chain uses...

— No companies that employ slave labor; "forced" labor (read, slavery) is a rampant problem in developing countries.

— No soybeans sourced from illegally deforested areas; 20% of the world's carbon emissions (and 70% of Brazil's emissions) come from burning down trees.

— No beef sourced from any newly cleared Amazonian land; globally, deforestation emits more carbon than all vehicles. Brazil and Indonesia are at the heart of this enormous challenge.

[For the rest of this column, please see BusinessWeek]